Micro propagation

It is a technique of tissue culture used for the new rapid  vegetative propagation of old plants by using a small part of mother plant called explants. The size which us taken of explants is so small so this technique is named as micropropagation . those plants which are producing via micropropagation these are exactly similar [genetically as well as physiologically ] to  its mother or original plant where they were grown .

                                                                  We can choose any part of plant for developing new genetically identical plant by using micropropagation, this process is called somaclonal propagation . there are some variations which we can see in somaclones is called somaclonal  propagation. These somaclones are having same genotypic characters .this technique rapidly adopted to use higher production of many useful or special characteristic plant from its ornamental plant ………..

For eg:   lily, blueberry , cinchona, eucalyptus , orchids etc.

There are four step for micropropagation technique:

1.       Prepare the culture media for expalnt and explant taken from the outside and sterilized it .

2.       After sterilization cutting the explants in small pieces . and kept into the media .

3.       In media some growth regulators are added which helps to grow the explants to form root and shoot.

4.       After the regeneration of explants into new plant placed the outside the labs ,it is called hardening of plants .

 Advantages of micropropagation : 

·         Its helps to plant grow fastly in the natural condition as well as the lab condition .

·         A large production of plantlets are generated by using micropropagation technique within a short period of time.

·         Plants are obtaining in short period of time .

·         Sterile plants and plants are cannot maintain theor characters by sexual reproduction method.

·         It is a safe and economical method .

·         It gives the better growth of plant , more flowers  and less falling down .

·         We can produced somaclones are formed by this methods and we kept desired characters of a plants can be stored for long time and generation.

·         Endangered plant [ those plant which are going to disappear ] can multiplied by this method

REGENERATION OF PLANTS :

   

  PREPARATION OF SUITABLE NUTRITIENT MEDIUM :

                                                                                                          Prepare the media which contains nutritive substances and it make up properly and transfer into a suitable container.

SELETION OF EXPLANT :

                                                Select any part of  plant like  shoot tip or root tip .

STERILISATION OF EXPLANT:

                                                         Embryo are sterilised by distilled water and with alcohol. 

INOCULATION OF EXPLANT:

                                                        In sterile condition, explants transfer into the media after sterilized our hands and all using glassware .

INCUBATION:

                           The culture vessels are kept in a incubation chamber or plant tissue culture room, which having the appropriate condition like [ temperature of this room is 26c , light for 16 hours, and humidity 50 -60 % ]

REGENERATION :

                                   Regeneration of plants from cultured plant tissue is carried out.

HARDENING:

                           Cultured plant after regeneration transfer into the natural environment from laboratory environment conditions .

PLANTLET TRANSFER:

                                             After hardening plantlet transferred to the green house field conditions for regeneration of plant.

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